DSC SGT Week 1-2 Test: Perspectives & Psychology

AP DSC-2026 (APTRT-2026) · Secondary Grade Teacher · Model test

40 questions20 marks (0.5 each)40 minutesNo negative marking

Built on the pattern of the AP DSC SGT paper held on 19 June 2025 (Shift 1), Sections II and III: matching lists, statement combinations, "NOT" and "wrongly matched" questions, and classroom situations.

Study first: Week 1-2 Psychology notes · Perspectives in Education notes

Answered: 0/40Time: 00:00

Part A: Perspectives in Education (10 questions)

1.Match the following:

List-I	List-II
i. Hartog Committee	a. SUPW
ii. Kothari Commission	b. Magna Carta of English education in India
iii. Ishwarbhai Patel Committee	c. Wastage and stagnation
iv. Wood's Despatch	d. 10+2+3 pattern

1.i-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b
2.i-d, ii-c, iii-a, iv-b
3.i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b
4.i-b, ii-d, iii-a, iv-c

Correct answer: 1. Hartog (1929) found wastage and stagnation; Kothari (1964-66) gave 10+2+3; Ishwarbhai Patel (1977) gave SUPW; Wood's Despatch (1854) is the Magna Carta of English education.

2.Which of the following statements about the RTE Act, 2009 are correct?

It provides free and compulsory education to children of 6-14 years.
It is based on Article 21A, inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment.
It reserves 25% of seats in private unaided schools for children of weaker sections.
The pupil-teacher ratio prescribed at the upper primary level is 30:1.

1.i, ii
2.ii, iii, iv
3.i, ii, iii
4.i, ii, iii, iv

Correct answer: 3. Statement iv is wrong: 30:1 is for the primary level; the upper primary ratio is 35:1.

3.Under the RTI Act, 2005, if the information sought concerns the life or liberty of a person, it must be provided within

1.30 days
2.7 days
3.35 days
4.48 hours

Correct answer: 4. The normal time limit is 30 days, but information about life or liberty must be given within 48 hours.

4.Which of the following is NOT a guiding principle of NCF 2005?

1.Connecting knowledge to life outside school
2.Shifting learning away from rote methods
3.Making examinations more rigid and term-end based
4.Enriching the curriculum beyond textbooks

Correct answer: 3. NCF 2005 asks for exams to be MORE flexible and integrated with classroom life, not more rigid.

5.Under the 5+3+3+4 structure of NEP 2020, Classes 3 to 5 come under the

1.Foundational stage
2.Preparatory stage
3.Middle stage
4.Secondary stage

Correct answer: 2. Foundational = pre-school + Classes 1-2 (age 3-8); Preparatory = Classes 3-5 (age 8-11); Middle = 6-8; Secondary = 9-12.

6.The scheme that runs residential schools at upper primary level for girls from SC, ST, OBC and minority communities is

1.KGBV
2.NPEGEL
3.DPEP
4.Saakshar Bharat

Correct answer: 1. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (2004) are residential schools for disadvantaged girls. NPEGEL works through existing schools in low female-literacy areas.

7.Arrange the following in chronological order:

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
DPEP
Samagra Shiksha
APPEP

1.iv, i, ii, iii
2.ii, iv, i, iii
3.iv, ii, i, iii
4.iv, ii, iii, i

Correct answer: 3. APPEP 1984 → DPEP 1994 → SSA 2001 → Samagra Shiksha 2018.

8.A teacher gives large-print books and extra reading time to a child with low vision so that she can learn like her classmates. This reflects the principle of

1.Equality
2.Uniformity
3.Quality
4.Equity

Correct answer: 4. Equality gives everyone the same; equity gives extra support to those who need it so that outcomes become fair.

9.Identify the WRONGLY matched pair:

1.Universal Declaration of Human Rights – 10 December 1949
2.NHRC – 1993
3.UN Convention on the Rights of the Child – 1989
4.NCTE as a statutory body – 1995

Correct answer: 1. The UDHR was adopted on 10 December 1948, not 1949. That date is observed as Human Rights Day.

10.As per NEP 2020, the minimum degree qualification for school teaching by 2030 will be

1.D.El.Ed
2.2-year B.Ed
3.4-year integrated B.Ed
4.M.Ed

Correct answer: 3. NEP 2020 makes the 4-year integrated B.Ed the minimum teaching qualification by 2030.

Part B: Educational Psychology (30 questions)

11.A baby first controls the movements of the shoulder and arm, and only later the fingers. This shows the principle of

1.Cephalocaudal development
2.Proximodistal development
3.Specific to general
4.Uniform pattern

Correct answer: 2. Proximodistal = from the centre of the body outward (shoulder → arm → fingers). Cephalocaudal is head to toe.

12.Which of the following statements are correct?

Growth is quantitative and can be measured.
Development continues throughout life.
Growth is wider than development and includes it.
Maturation takes place without training.

1.i, ii
2.ii, iii, iv
3.i, iii, iv
4.i, ii, iv

Correct answer: 4. Statement iii is reversed: development is the wider process and growth is one part of it.

13.A Class 5 teacher notices that her pupils form groups, follow group rules strictly and value the approval of their friends. These children are in

1.Early childhood
2.Infancy
3.Later childhood
4.Adolescence

Correct answer: 3. Later childhood (6-12) is the "gang age": group loyalty and peer approval are its main features.

14.A Class 4 child has normal intelligence but struggles to read words and confuses similar-looking letters like b and d while reading. The child most likely has

1.Dysgraphia
2.Dyscalculia
3.Dyslexia
4.Dyspraxia

Correct answer: 3. Dyslexia is a reading disability. Dysgraphia = writing, dyscalculia = maths, dyspraxia = motor coordination.

15.The same water is poured from a short wide glass into a tall thin glass. A 5-year-old says the tall glass now has more water. The child has not yet developed

1.Conservation
2.Object permanence
3.Animism
4.Egocentrism

Correct answer: 1. Conservation (quantity stays the same when shape changes) appears only in the concrete operational stage (7-11).

16.Match Piaget's stages with their features:

Stage	Feature
i. Sensorimotor	a. Hypothetico-deductive reasoning
ii. Pre-operational	b. Object permanence
iii. Concrete operational	c. Animism
iv. Formal operational	d. Reversibility

1.i-b, ii-d, iii-c, iv-a
2.i-c, ii-b, iii-d, iv-a
3.i-b, ii-c, iii-d, iv-a
4.i-a, ii-c, iii-d, iv-b

Correct answer: 3. Object permanence (0-2), animism (2-7), reversibility (7-11), hypothetico-deductive reasoning (11+).

17.A child who knows only the word "dog" sees a goat and calls it "dog". According to Piaget, this is

1.Accommodation
2.Equilibration
3.Conservation
4.Assimilation

Correct answer: 4. The child fits the new animal into an old schema without changing it: that is assimilation. Learning that a goat is a new animal would be accommodation.

18.Which of the following is NOT related to Vygotsky?

1.Zone of Proximal Development
2.Equilibration
3.More Knowledgeable Other
4.Scaffolding

Correct answer: 2. Equilibration is a Piaget concept. ZPD, MKO and scaffolding all come from Vygotsky's social-cultural theory.

19.A teacher solves one sum fully on the board, gives only hints for the second, and lets the child do the third alone. This is an example of

1.Scaffolding
2.Shaping
3.Insight
4.Assimilation

Correct answer: 1. Support given inside the ZPD and slowly withdrawn is scaffolding (Vygotsky / Bruner). Shaping (Skinner) rewards small steps.

20.Ravi does not jump the traffic signal even when the road is empty, saying "Rules keep society in order." His stage of moral development according to Kohlberg is

1.Obedience and punishment orientation
2.Self-interest orientation
3.Authority and social-order maintaining orientation
4.Social contract orientation

Correct answer: 3. He obeys because law keeps social order, not from fear of a fine (stage 1). That is stage 4, law and order (conventional level).

21.According to Erikson, a primary-school child who fails repeatedly and is constantly criticised is likely to develop a sense of

1.Inferiority
2.Mistrust
3.Role confusion
4.Guilt

Correct answer: 1. The 6-12 stage is Industry vs Inferiority. Success and praise build competence; repeated failure builds inferiority.

22.Which of the following is correctly matched?

1.Chomsky – Language Acquisition Device
2.Skinner – Language Acquisition Device
3.Chomsky – language learnt only through imitation
4.Piaget – Zone of Proximal Development

Correct answer: 1. Chomsky proposed the innate LAD. Skinner said language is learnt by imitation and reinforcement; ZPD is Vygotsky's.

23.Choose the correct pairs:

Two-factor theory – Spearman
Primary Mental Abilities – Guilford
Multiple Intelligences – Gardner
Triarchic theory – Sternberg

1.a, b, c
2.a, c, d
3.b, c, d
4.a, b, d

Correct answer: 2. Primary Mental Abilities belong to Thurstone, not Guilford. Guilford gave the Structure of Intellect (180 abilities).

24.A child easily identifies different birds, plants and soil types around the village. According to Gardner, this child shows

1.Spatial intelligence
2.Interpersonal intelligence
3.Logical-mathematical intelligence
4.Naturalistic intelligence

Correct answer: 4. Recognising and classifying plants, animals and nature is naturalistic intelligence, the 8th intelligence Gardner added.

25.A child aged 8 years 4 months answers an intelligence test like a 10-year-old. The child's IQ is

1.125
2.120
3.83
4.80

Correct answer: 2. Convert to months: MA = 120, CA = 100. IQ = 120 ÷ 100 × 100 = 120. (125 comes from wrongly taking CA as 8.)

26.A child's IQ is 115. According to Terman's classification, the child is

1.Average
2.Very superior
3.Dull
4.Superior

Correct answer: 4. 90-109 average, 110-119 superior, 120-139 very superior. 115 falls in "superior".

27.The term "Emotional Intelligence" was first proposed by

1.Daniel Goleman
2.Howard Gardner
3.E.L. Thorndike
4.Salovey and Mayer

Correct answer: 4. Salovey and Mayer coined it (1990). Goleman made it popular (1995); his components include empathy (not sympathy).

28.In a "uses of a brick" test, Sita gives 15 answers, and many of them are ideas no other child thought of. The "ideas no one else gave" show her

1.Originality
2.Fluency
3.Flexibility
4.Elaboration

Correct answer: 1. Unusual, rare ideas = originality. The number of ideas (15) = fluency; variety of categories = flexibility; adding detail = elaboration.

29.Arrange Wallas's stages of creative thinking in the correct order:

Illumination
Preparation
Verification
Incubation

1.ii, iv, i, iii
2.ii, i, iv, iii
3.iv, ii, i, iii
4.ii, iv, iii, i

Correct answer: 1. Preparation → Incubation → Illumination → Verification.

30.A child who was beaten in maths class now feels anxious on seeing any maths textbook, even at home. This is an example of

1.Extinction
2.Stimulus generalisation
3.Discrimination
4.Spontaneous recovery

Correct answer: 2. The conditioned fear spreads to similar stimuli (any maths book, any place). That is generalisation in classical conditioning.

31.Identify the WRONGLY matched pair:

1.Thorndike – cat in a puzzle box
2.Skinner – rat in a lever box
3.Kohler – pigeon and sticks
4.Pavlov – dog and bell

Correct answer: 3. Kohler used a chimpanzee (Sultan) with sticks and boxes. Pigeons were used by Skinner.

32.A teacher announces, "Those who finish classwork correctly need not do homework today." The teacher is using

1.Positive reinforcement
2.Punishment
3.Negative reinforcement
4.Extinction

Correct answer: 3. Removing something unpleasant (homework) to increase a behaviour is negative reinforcement. It is not punishment.

33.Arrange the processes of Bandura's observational learning in the correct order:

Retention
Motivation
Attention
Reproduction

1.iii, iv, i, ii
2.iii, i, iv, ii
3.i, iii, iv, ii
4.iii, i, ii, iv

Correct answer: 2. Attention → Retention → Reproduction → Motivation.

34.A teacher teaches addition first with sticks, then with pictures, and finally with numerals. This follows

1.Piaget's equilibration
2.Skinner's shaping
3.Kohler's insight
4.Bruner's modes of representation

Correct answer: 4. Sticks = enactive, pictures = iconic, numerals = symbolic: Bruner's three modes of representation.

35.Ramu's typing speed rose quickly for three weeks and then stayed the same for ten days in spite of daily practice. This flat phase is called

1.Plateau
2.Extinction
3.Negative transfer
4.Forgetting

Correct answer: 1. A flat part of the learning curve despite practice is a plateau. Causes: fatigue, low interest, wrong method.

36.A driver used to driving on the left side in India finds it difficult to drive on the right side abroad. This is

1.Positive transfer
2.Zero transfer
3.Bilateral transfer
4.Negative transfer

Correct answer: 4. Earlier learning that blocks new learning is negative transfer.

37.After learning Hindi this year, Kiran mixes up Hindi words when she tries to recall the Sanskrit words she learnt last year. This is

1.Proactive interference
2.Retroactive interference
3.Decay
4.Repression

Correct answer: 2. New learning (Hindi) disturbing the recall of old learning (Sanskrit) is retroactive interference. Old blocking new would be proactive.

38.A Class 3 child comes to school without breakfast and cannot concentrate in class. According to Maslow, the unmet need is

1.Esteem need
2.Safety need
3.Belongingness need
4.Physiological need

Correct answer: 4. Hunger is a physiological need, the base of the hierarchy. Higher needs like learning cannot be met until it is.

39.Identify the WRONGLY matched defence mechanism:

1.Rationalisation – channelling energy into a socially useful activity
2.Regression – returning to childish behaviour
3.Displacement – venting anger on a safer target
4.Projection – blaming others for one's own faults

Correct answer: 1. Channelling energy into useful activity is sublimation. Rationalisation is giving a good-sounding excuse.

40.Choose the correct pairs:

Jung – introvert, extrovert
Sheldon – endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph
Kretschmer – sanguine, choleric
Cattell – 16 PF

1.a, b, c
2.b, c, d
3.a, b, d
4.a, c, d

Correct answer: 3. Sanguine and choleric are Hippocrates' types. Kretschmer gave pyknic, asthenic and athletic.

Answer key with explanations

#	Correct answer
1	1	Hartog (1929) found wastage and stagnation; Kothari (1964-66) gave 10+2+3; Ishwarbhai Patel (1977) gave SUPW; Wood's Despatch (1854) is the Magna Carta of English education.
2	3	Statement iv is wrong: 30:1 is for the primary level; the upper primary ratio is 35:1.
3	4	The normal time limit is 30 days, but information about life or liberty must be given within 48 hours.
4	3	NCF 2005 asks for exams to be MORE flexible and integrated with classroom life, not more rigid.
5	2	Foundational = pre-school + Classes 1-2 (age 3-8); Preparatory = Classes 3-5 (age 8-11); Middle = 6-8; Secondary = 9-12.
6	1	Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (2004) are residential schools for disadvantaged girls. NPEGEL works through existing schools in low female-literacy areas.
7	3	APPEP 1984 → DPEP 1994 → SSA 2001 → Samagra Shiksha 2018.
8	4	Equality gives everyone the same; equity gives extra support to those who need it so that outcomes become fair.
9	1	The UDHR was adopted on 10 December 1948, not 1949. That date is observed as Human Rights Day.
10	3	NEP 2020 makes the 4-year integrated B.Ed the minimum teaching qualification by 2030.
11	2	Proximodistal = from the centre of the body outward (shoulder → arm → fingers). Cephalocaudal is head to toe.
12	4	Statement iii is reversed: development is the wider process and growth is one part of it.
13	3	Later childhood (6-12) is the "gang age": group loyalty and peer approval are its main features.
14	3	Dyslexia is a reading disability. Dysgraphia = writing, dyscalculia = maths, dyspraxia = motor coordination.
15	1	Conservation (quantity stays the same when shape changes) appears only in the concrete operational stage (7-11).
16	3	Object permanence (0-2), animism (2-7), reversibility (7-11), hypothetico-deductive reasoning (11+).
17	4	The child fits the new animal into an old schema without changing it: that is assimilation. Learning that a goat is a new animal would be accommodation.
18	2	Equilibration is a Piaget concept. ZPD, MKO and scaffolding all come from Vygotsky's social-cultural theory.
19	1	Support given inside the ZPD and slowly withdrawn is scaffolding (Vygotsky / Bruner). Shaping (Skinner) rewards small steps.
20	3	He obeys because law keeps social order, not from fear of a fine (stage 1). That is stage 4, law and order (conventional level).
21	1	The 6-12 stage is Industry vs Inferiority. Success and praise build competence; repeated failure builds inferiority.
22	1	Chomsky proposed the innate LAD. Skinner said language is learnt by imitation and reinforcement; ZPD is Vygotsky's.
23	2	Primary Mental Abilities belong to Thurstone, not Guilford. Guilford gave the Structure of Intellect (180 abilities).
24	4	Recognising and classifying plants, animals and nature is naturalistic intelligence, the 8th intelligence Gardner added.
25	2	Convert to months: MA = 120, CA = 100. IQ = 120 ÷ 100 × 100 = 120. (125 comes from wrongly taking CA as 8.)
26	4	90-109 average, 110-119 superior, 120-139 very superior. 115 falls in "superior".
27	4	Salovey and Mayer coined it (1990). Goleman made it popular (1995); his components include empathy (not sympathy).
28	1	Unusual, rare ideas = originality. The number of ideas (15) = fluency; variety of categories = flexibility; adding detail = elaboration.
29	1	Preparation → Incubation → Illumination → Verification.
30	2	The conditioned fear spreads to similar stimuli (any maths book, any place). That is generalisation in classical conditioning.
31	3	Kohler used a chimpanzee (Sultan) with sticks and boxes. Pigeons were used by Skinner.
32	3	Removing something unpleasant (homework) to increase a behaviour is negative reinforcement. It is not punishment.
33	2	Attention → Retention → Reproduction → Motivation.
34	4	Sticks = enactive, pictures = iconic, numerals = symbolic: Bruner's three modes of representation.
35	1	A flat part of the learning curve despite practice is a plateau. Causes: fatigue, low interest, wrong method.
36	4	Earlier learning that blocks new learning is negative transfer.
37	2	New learning (Hindi) disturbing the recall of old learning (Sanskrit) is retroactive interference. Old blocking new would be proactive.
38	4	Hunger is a physiological need, the base of the hierarchy. Higher needs like learning cannot be met until it is.
39	1	Channelling energy into useful activity is sublimation. Rationalisation is giving a good-sounding excuse.
40	3	Sanguine and choleric are Hippocrates' types. Kretschmer gave pyknic, asthenic and athletic.